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Scofield Reference Notes (1917 edition) The Historical Books followed by
Introduction to the Book of Joshua
The Historical Books of the Old Testament, usually so called, are twelve
in number, from Joshua to Esther inclusive. It should, however, be
remembered that the entire Old Testament is filled with historical
material. The accuracy of these writings, often questioned, has been in
recent years completely confirmed by the testimony of the monuments of
contemporaneous antiquity.
The story of the Historical Books is the story of the rise and fall of
the Commonwealth of Israel, while the prophets foretell the future
restoration and glory of that under King Messiah.
The history of Israel falls into seven distinct periods:
I. From the call of Abraham to the Exodus, Ge 12.1-Ex 1.22 (with Ac. 7.)
The book of Job belongs to this period and shows the maturity and depth of
philosophic and religious thought, and the extent of revelation of the age
of the Patriarchs.
II. From the Exodus to the death of Joshua. The history of this period
is gathered from the books of Exodus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, and
such parts of Leviticus as relate to the story of Israel. The great
figures of Moses, Aaron, and Joshua dominate this period.
III. The period of the Judges, from the death of Joshua to the call of
Saul, Jud. 1.1-1Sa 10.24.
IV. The period of the Kings, from Saul to the Captivities, 1Sa 11.1-2Ki
17.6; 25.30-2Chr 36.23/
V. The period of the Captivities, Esther, and the historical parts of
Daniel. With the captivity of Judah began "the times of the Gentiles," the
mark of which is the political subjection of Israel to the Gentile
world-powers (Lu 21.24).
VI. The restored Commonwealth, always under Gentile over-lordship, from
the end of the seventy years' captivity and the return of the Jewish
remnant to the destruction of Jerusalem, A.D. 70. The inspired history of
this period is found in Ezra, Nehemiah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi in
the Old Testament, and in the historical and biographical material found in
the New Testament. During this period Christ, the promised King of the
Davidic Covenant, and the Seed of the Adamic and Abrahamic Covenants,
appeared, was rejected as king, was crucified, rose again from the dead,
and ascended to heaven. Toward the end of this period, also, the church
came into being, and the New Testament Scriptures, save the Gospel of John,
John's Epistles, and the Revelation, were written.
VII. The present dispersion (Lu 21.20-24), which according to all the Old
Testament prophets is to be ended by the final national regathering
promised in the Palestinian Covenant (Deut. 30.1-9). The partial
restoration at the end of the 70 years was foretold only by Daniel and
Jeremiah, and was to the end that Messiah might come and fulfil the
prophecies of His sufferings. In the year A.D. 70 Jerusalem was again
destroyed, and the descendants of the remnant of Judah sent to share the
national dispersion which still continues.
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Scofield Reference Notes (1917 edition) Book Introductions: Joshua
Joshua records the consummation of the redemption of Israel of Israel out
of Egypt; for redemption has two parts: "out," and "into" (Deut 6.23).
The key-phrase is "Moses My servant is dead" (Jos 1.2) Law, of which
Moses is the representative, could never give a sinful people victory (he
7.19; Ro 6.14; 8.2-4).
In a spiritual sense the book of Joshua is the Ephesians of the Old
Testament. "The heavenly" of Ephesians is to the Christian what Canaan
was to the Israelite and blessing through divine power (Josh 21.43-55;
Eph. 1.3)
The government, as before, was theocratic; Joshua succeeding Moses as the
ruler under God.
Joshua falls into four parts: I. The conquest, 1.-12. II. The partition
of the inheritance, 13.-21. III. Incipient discord, 22. IV. Joshua's
last counsels and death, 23., 24.
The events recorded in Joshua cover a period of 26 years (Ussher).
[1] Joshua
Joshua (Je-hoshua, meaning Jehovah-Saviour) is a type of Christ, the
"Captain of our salvation" (he 2.10,11). The more important points are:
(1) he comes after Moses (Jno 1.17; Ro 8.3,4; 10.4,5; He 7.18,19; Gal
3.23-25). (2) He leads to victory (Ro 8.37; 2Co 1.10; 2.14). (3) He is
our Advocate when we have suffered defeat (Jos 7.5-9; 1Jno 2.1). (4) He
allots our portions (Ep 1.11,14; 4.8-11).
13848
[1] {scarlet line}
The scarlet line of Rahab speaks, by its color, of safety through
sacrifice.
# Heb 9:19,22